中華心理學刊 民 77，30 卷，1 期，9-19
Chinese Journal of Psychology 1988, Vol.30, No.1, 9-19
吳璧純（國立政治大學教育研究所）；方聖平（國立清華大學中國語文學系）
摘要
在短時間內同時呈現數個詞並以數目字分散受試者的注意力，例如：呈現
「
dab dam
7 2」，
say hay
受試者可能報告看到 day，此現象即 Treisman 和她同事所謂的「錯覺組合」（illusory conjunction）現象。本研究中的實驗一、二，以錯覺組合現象的實驗派典（paradigm），例如在短時間下呈現「5波路8」，問受試者是否看到「跛」，探討中文字形的概念區辨性（conceptual distinctiveness），俾便於更合理說明字詞辨識的基本單位。實驗一、二的結果顯示，具較高區辨值（概念區辦）的合體字根字（例如：念吉）或合體字根部件（例如：肙亲），其錯覺組合率顯著低於合體孤獨字（例如：消愼）或假字和無詞彙性而沒有擁有一族字羣的有結構部件（屌兒）的錯覺組合率。此結果意含概念區辨性是造成字詞辨識基本表徵（basic representation）的主要因素，而無論是字的偏旁，部件或字本身，祇要具有基本表徵的特性，便可在視知覺初期一下子就被偵測到，而為字詞辨識的基本單位。本研究的結果不但可以解釋部份獨立研究的爭議，並且也支持字詞辨識理論的雙路徑（two routes）模式，以及解釋詞優（word superiority）和詞劣（word inferiority）效應。另外，本研究結果也對識字教學策略及中文電腦輸入碼研究方向有所啟示，而有關對未來研究的預測與建議也在文中提及。
Conceptual Distinctiveness In Chinese Characters
Pichun-Wu（National ChengChi University）；Sheng-Ping Fang（National Tsing Hua University）
Abstract
In recent studies, some divergent evidences were reported to critisize Treisman and Souther's （1986） illusory words study which is based on the feature integration theory of attention. In the present study, conceptual distinctiveness effects on Chinese characters are proposed to make supplementary explanations on the standpoints of Treisman and her collaborators and on the word recognition model.
Two experiments according to Treisman's illusory conjunctions experimental paradigm were carried out. In the first experiment, Chinese compound characters are divided into the unique compound （e. g. 消愼） and the stem compound （e. g. 路波）; In the second experiment, the non-lexicality unique compound （e. g. 屌兒） and the nonlexicality stem compound （e. g. 肙亲） were added to experimental materials. Because stem compounds have higher distinctive value due to conceptual distinctiveness, they are more easily to become basic representations and can be identified in the initial bottom-up stage, without the stage of feature registration. Therefore, the stem compound is less seperable and thus the rate of illusory conjunction in the unique compound is higher than that in the stem compound.
Besides reconciling the controvercies among independent studies and supporting the two route model of word recognition, the results of the present study seem to suggest one kind of explanation to account for the word superiority and word inferiority effect, respectively. In addition, the view points of conceptual distinctive. ness on the word identification may shed light on the teaching strategy on the word learning and suggest a research direction toward the coding methods of Chinese computer.
