中華心理學刊 民 68, 21卷, 二期, 75-84
Chinese Journal of Psychology 1979, Vol. 21, No.2, 75-84

柯永河（國立臺灣大學）

摘要

本研究以五種測驗為工具比較正常組與犯罪組的智力、注意力、及心理健康狀況。正常組為九十名國中三年級或高中一年級的在校男生，而犯罪組爲九十名在臺北市少年觀護所之男性受管者。兩組的一般智商完全相同，但犯罪組之平均年齡與教育程度分別地高於與低於正常組的年齡與教育程度。研究結果如下：
(1）智力测驗，班達測驗，及羅夏氏測驗結果表示，犯罪組的語言能力似乎低於正常組的，但前者的操作能力似乎高於後者的；(2)一部份注意力測驗結果發現，犯罪組的注意力比正常組的快，週全，表示前者的視一動協調能力可能比後者的好；(3）柯氏性格量表的結果指出，犯罪組比正常組心理不健康，更容易憂慮身體不好，更容易憂慮，悲觀，忿恨不滿；前組從生活獲得的幸福感比後組爲弱；(4)因本研究沒有成功地按照原計劃控制好兩組的平均年齡與教育程度，上沈三項發現可能導自兩組的年齡爽教育上的差異；唯有進一步的研究始能明白本研究之發現並非因兩組的年齡及教育差異所引起。

A Psychological study on the Delinquent Behavior of Adolescence 

Yung-Ho Ko(National Taiwan University)

Abstract

    A delinquent group was compared on five test scores with a normol group.
The former group consisted of ninety delinquent boys of Taipei reformatory school and the latter of ninety third year and first year boy students respectively of several junior or senior high schools in Taipei city.
    The two groups were successfully matched on the WAIS Full scale I. Q., but not satisfactorily on age and education; the delinquent boys were on average significantly older and less educated than the normal ones.
    The following results were obtained: (1) the results of the WAIS, Bender-Gestalt, and the Rorschach tests show that while the verbal abilites of the delinquent group is lower than that of the normal group, the non-verbal abilities of the former is higher than that of the latter; (2) the results of attention test show that delinquent group has a significantly higher attention speed and a better concentration than the normal group; (3) the KMHQ results show that the delinquent group is psychologically less healthy than the normal group, the former being significantly more hy-pochondriacal, depressive, hostile and unsatisfied with life.
    It was pointed out that the above mentioned significant differences might partially be attributed to the significant age and education differences rather than totally to the difference on delinquent factor between the two groups.