學刊論文
Coping With Residential Crowding in a Chinese Urban Society: The Interplay on High-Density Dwelling and Interpersonal Values

中華心理學刊 民 68,21 卷,2 期,117-133
Chinese Journal of Psychology 1979, Vol.21, No.2, 117-133


Kwang-Kuo Hwang(National Taiwan University)

Abstract

This paper presented three patterns of coping with residential crowding that were revealed in an empirical research on life stress conducted in a Chinese urban community of Taiwan. Many people of low socio-economic status are not only residing in a dwelling where each resident has a small average living space, but also frequently experiencing life stresses from various domains of life including work, economic state, marriage, and housing conditions, etc.. Their coping strategies are characterized by a lack of self-confidence, and they tend to suffer from a depression syndrome including withdrawal from social interaction, feeling of loneliness, and somatic disturbances. Living in a residence with many others, an individual who sets a high value on the traditional cultural norm of interpersonal cooperation (han pieh-jen hu-hsiang pang-mang) and getting along with others on friendly terms (ho-hou hsiang-ch'u) will experiance no interpersonal conflicts and psychopathological disturbances. On the contrary, an individual who adores the individualistic values of self-assertion (tu-tuan tu-hsing) and enhancing one's achievement (kau tzu-chi fen tou hsiang-shang) will suffer from interpersonal hostility and suspiciousness, they are likely to be disturbed by psychosomatic disorders and agitated depression.


臺灣都市社會中應付居所擁擠之方式:高密度居所和人際價值觀念的交互作用

黃光國(國立臺灣大學)

摘要

本論文的目的是在討論:作者在一個臺灣都市社區中從事生活壓力之研究時,所發現的三種應付居所擁擠之方式。社經地位較低的人不僅是居住在平均生活空間較小的居所裡,而且還經常感受到來自工作、經濟狀況、婚姻、以及居住環境等方面的生活壓力。其應付策咯的特徵是「没有信心」,同時他們還常常感受到包括孤寂感、從社交情境中退縮、以及心因性困擾等症狀的憂鬱症病叢。居所中人數太多時,個人如果强調 「和别人互相幫忙」、「和好相處」等傳統文化規範,則他不會感受到人際衝突及心理困擾。反之,强調「獨斷獨行」、「靠自己奮鬪向上」等個人主義價值觀念者,不僅常常疑心別人、對別人懷有敵意,而且較常感受到心因性困擾及情緒激動型的消沉。

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