中華心理學刊 民 69，22卷，1 期，1-12
Chinese Journal of Psychology 1980, Vol. 22, No. 1, 1-12

Minako K. Maykovich( Department of Sociology, California State University)

Abstract

This paper attempts to test the validity of the Yang-Lee-Yu social distance scale and measure social distance as perceived by Chinese students and farmers toward Americans.
The Yang-Lee-Yu scale, which is a modified version of the Bogardus Social Distance Scale, was applied to two sets of samples: 240 students from National Taiwan University, Tamkang University, and Tunghai University; and 204 farmers in Miaoli. Subjects in these samples were asked their willingness to engage in various types of social interaction (e. g., marrying, becoming an intimate friend, sharing a taxi) with white, black, and Chinese Americans.
With regard to the validity of the scale, the Guttman coefficient of reproducibility was improved substantially when two items on the scale were interchanged. The new scale now lists three items in the order: (1) marrying, (2) becoming a close kin by marriage, and (3) becoming an intimate friend.
The use of the new scale produced the following findings: (1) the perception of Sino-American social distance is affected by international events such as the U.S. derecognition of the ROC; (2) Chinese students feel closest to the Chinese Americans, than to whites, and most distant toward blacks; and (3) farmers are either uncertain of their sentiment toward Americans or do not wish to have any transactions with them.

中國人與美國人之間的社會距離

Minako K. Maykovich（加州州立大學社會學系）

摘要

本研究的目的是以楊、李、余氏的社會距離量表測量中國的學生和農人對美國人的社會距離，並藉以檢定此量表的效度。
楊、李、余氏社會距離量表係由 Bogardus 社會距離量表修訂而成。本研究以修訂後之量表施測於兩組樣本，第一組樣本是包括臺灣大學、淡江大學及東海大學三所學校的學生共240名；第二組樣本取自苗栗地區的農人共204名。這些受試者均被問及是否願意與白人、黑人或華裔美人共同從事各種社會性的交往活動（例如：結婚、交友或共搭計程車等）。
在檢定該量表之效度時，本研究把原量表中的兩道題目之位置對調之後，則其庫氏複製係數有顯著的增加。新量表的前三道題目之秩序已改成如下：(1)結婚，(2)成爲親友，(3)結為密友。
使用該新量表為工具所作之研究，其主要發現爲：(1)中美之間社會距離的知覺，會受到某些諸如中美斷交等國際事件的影響。(2)中國學生對華裔美人感到距離最近，其次為白人，而與黑人的社會距離最大。(3)農人們不是無法確認他們對美國人的感覺，便是不願意和美國人有任何的交往。