中華心理學刊 民 91，44 卷，2 期，151-166
Chinese Journal of Psychology 2002, Vol.44, No.2, 151-166

Bor-Shiuan Cheng（Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University）；Jiinglih Larry Farh（Department of Management of Organations, Hong Kong Universityof Science and Technology）；Hui-Fang Chang（Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University）；Wei-Ling Hsu（Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University）

Abstract

Cheng (1995) has argued that Chinese managers often categorize their subordinates into hierarchical groups on the basis of guanxi (social ties and affective exchange), zhongcheng (loyalty to supervisor), and competence; and treat these groups of employees differentially. The purpose of this research is to explore the relative effects of guanxi, zhongcheng, and competence on managerial behavior and quality of dyadic relationship to indirectly provide the empirical evidence for Cheng's employee categorization model and to substantially illuminate the dynamics of leadership in the Chinese context. Through investigation of 173 leader-subordinate dyads from 6 manufacturing firms, the study showed that guanxi, zhongcheng, and competence were indeed related to several outcome variables such as supervisor's managerial behaviors, quality of dyadic relationship, and subordinates' satisfaction to supervision and job. Furthermore, the results suggested that zhongcheng has a more significant and direct effect on most of the outcome variables than guanxi and competence. Implications on leadership research and management in the Chinese context were finally discussed.

Keywords：Guanxi, Zhongcheng, Competence, Employee categorization, Managerial behavior